National Culture in International Management - 2752 Words

Introduction: National culture in International Management Deresky (2011) defines international management as â€Å"the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling in a multinational or cross-cultural environment† (p. 458). Miroshnik (2002) suggests that although the economic and physical environments certainly are important issues in multinational business, the cultural environment has a special importance in multinational business. Therefore, it is essential for international managers to understand the notion of national culture, as it influences how managers and employees of a particular nation make decisions and interpret their roles. As a result, differences between national cultures not only can create important†¦show more content†¦Hofstede (1984, 1991, 2001, as cited in Soares et al., 2007) introduced five cultural dimensions from the results of his worldwide empirical study: individualism-collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity/femininity, and long-term orientation. The followin g discussion is aimed to identify what organizational processes and managerial functions are most likely to be affected by differences in each of these dimensions. Levels of Organizational Commitment Several authors suggested that a country’s individualism-collectivism dimension score has a particular relevance to different levels and types of organizational commitment (Boyacigiller Adler, 1991; Randall, 1993; Ramamoorthy, Kulkarni, Gupta Flood, 2007). Randall (1993) asserted that employees in collectivist cultures would have higher levels of organizational commitment compared to employees in individualist cultures. Ramamoorthy et al. (2007) suggested that organizations doing businesses in India can expect more loyalty, commitment,Show MoreRelatedEssay on National Culture Influences on International Management2513 Words   |  11 Pages1. Introduction 1.1 Definitions of Culture Culture can be simply considered as the way we do things around here, said Cartwright (2004, pp.85). A further understanding given by Deresky (2006, pp.83) is that a culture is composed by shared values, understandings, assumptions, and goals that are learned from earlier generations, imposed by present members of a society and passed on to succeeding generations. It can be seen that culture is formed by lifestyle and knowledge acquisition of peopleRead MoreImpact of Culture in International Human Resource Management912 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of Culture in International Human Resource Management Martin Human Resource Management relates to the processes involved in managing people in international enterprises (Helfrich, et al., 2008). Although the literature has identified several criteria to classify the degree or intensity of an enterprise ´s multi- or transnationality for this short abstract a multinational enterprise can be defined as â€Å"an enterprise which conducts it activities, control production or service facilitiesRead MoreLegal Implications Of Culture, Workforce Diversity And Diversity Management Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesLegal Implications of Culture, Workforce Diversity and Diversity Management in a Global Environment Lindiwe Musekiwa Walden University Introduction Organizations, the world over, are embracing innovation in order to stay competitive by putting into action organizational management that includes, among others, culture, workforce diversity, and diversity management (Marsella, 2009). Although not much has been written about the interconnection of managing diversity (cultural, andRead MoreStaffing Policies - Pros N Cons1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe Pros and Cons of International Staffing 1. Introduction There has been a rapid pace of internationalization and globalization over the last decade. Expanding business operations beyond national boundaries while continuing commitment to local markets requires more complex business structures. One of the most critical determinants of an organization s success in global ventures is the effective management of its human resources. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the advantagesRead MoreThe Role of the International HR Manager Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Role of the International HR Manager For many people international HR management (IHRM) is synonymous with expatriate management. IHRM, however, covers a far broader spectrum than just the management of expatriates. It involves the worldwide management of people. Although International HR (IHR) managers undertake the same activities as their domestically-based colleagues, the scope and complexity of these tasks will depend on the extent of internationalisation of the organisation. In thisRead MoreA selective Annotated Bibliography on Convergence and Divergence1577 Words   |  7 Pagesarticle is to examine critically the notion that success in international markets necessitates adoption of a strategy of global products and brands. The author argues that the differences in competition, from one country to another country impede global standardization. The key to success in these markets is to tailor ones products rather than production efficiency. Low price positioning is a highly vulnerable strategy, especially in international markets. The author also comes up with her own standardizedRead MoreHrm Policy As The Firm Transcends Across Its National Borders Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pagestranscends across its national borders? In recent years due to the factors like globalization and removal of trade restrictions have created fierce competition in domestic market for the well-established domestic firms. So, this competition has encouraged many domestic producers to enter into the international business through exporting their product to the different parts of the world or licensing or joint ventures to gain higher profit. By following the paths of international business may encounterRead MoreThe Impact Of Management On The Globalization Of Business900 Words   |  4 PagesThe impact of management in the globalization of business. The multinational corporation The impact of globalization on international business International business refers to a wide range of business activities undertaken across national borders. Along with rapidly increasing globalization, international business has become a popular topic and has drawn the attention of business executives, government officials and academics. Internatio nal business is different from domestic business. At the internationalRead MoreInternational HRM With the Context of Global Economy 947 Words   |  4 PagesInternational HRM with the context of global economy It would be very easy to refer to international human resource management as little more than HRM on a national scale with some additional features that indeed similarities in the role of human resource management within national and international organizations; however, there are also some significant differences, not least of which is the development and deployment of staff in different national and regional locations around the world. TheRead MoreQuestions On International Culture And Management1217 Words   |  5 Pages HI6005 Management Organisation in Global Environment Individual Assignment-1 Topic: Globalisation Organisation Culture and Management Student Details Name Jaya Jawalkar Student Number DC2369 Due Friday Week 6 2nd September 2016 Course Masters of Business Administration Lecturer Mr. Mark Levingston Referencing Style Harvard â€Æ' Table of Contents 1) Topic: Globalisation: National Culture 3 A) Key Concepts of Globalisation and

Connote and Denote - Commonly Confused Words

The verb connote means to suggest, imply, or signify indirectly. The verb denote means to indicate, serve as a sign of (something), or signify directly. Examples: The word train, which denotes transportation, also connotes old-fashioned travel, perhaps the nineteenth century by association, maybe a sort of romanticism of traveling, even mystery, exoticism, and intrigue, as in the Orient Express; or in another vein, slowness, noise, pollution, crowds, and the like.(Mark Gottdiener, The Theming of America, 1997)[I]n English and other languages, the high-front vowel ee often seems to connote small, as in teeny-weeny.(Jack Rosenthal, From Arf to Zap. The New York Times, June 30, 1985)Contrary to the popular misuse of the term to denote a computer criminal, a hacker is someone who solves a problem in a clever or little-known way.(Adam Pash and Gina Trapani, Lifehacker, 2011)[T]he Lenovo rep used the term rip and flip to denote how the screen can be removed and reconfigured. I’m not sure whether the term will stick, but that’s basically the near future of portable computing: your screen detaches from the keyboard to be used as a tablet for fun or mobility, and then docks back into the keyboard when you need to do some work.(Doug Aamoth, The Phrase ‘Rip and Flip’ Basically Sums Up the Near Future of Portable Computing. Time, January 7, 2013) Usage Notes: A word is said to connote something if it suggests or implies secondary meanings/associations/emotions additional to (or other than) its primary or literal meaning. A word is said to denote something if it indicates, signifies or, simply, means it. . . .To use connote for denote is a common looseness; to use denote for connote is plain wrong.(B.A. Phythian, A Concise Dictionary of Confusables. John Wiley Sons, 1990)Denote is rarely if ever misused. Connote, however, is becoming rarer by the day in its traditional sense, illustrated here: In careful usage, notoriety carries a connotation of wichedness, evil, or gravely bad conduct. James J. Kirkpatrick, A Little Refresher Course, Tulsa World, 25 Nov. 1996, at A8. . . .And connotate. *Connotate is a needless variant of connote.(Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press, 2009)The confusion lies in these signifying senses, for denote describes the relation between the expression and the thing it conventiona lly names, whereas connote describes the relation between the word and the images or associations it evokes:  ...the term leisure, as here used, does not connote indolence or quiescence. —Thorstein Veblen, The Theory of the Leisure Class, The American Heritage Guide to Contemporary Usage and Style, Houghton Mifflin, 2005. Practice Exercises (a) Odd–even pricing (or psychological pricing) means pricing at odd-numbered prices to _____ a bargain and pricing at even-numbered prices to imply quality.(C.W. Lamb et al., Marketing, 2009)(b) Ladies and gentlemen, a big hand for the letter X. Its the most versatile letter in the alphabet. A singular X can _____ a kiss, the location of buried treasure, or a mistake in a schoolboy essay.(Charlie Brooker, Opportunity Knocked. The Guardian, September 10, 2004)(c) I don’t doubt that the name [Redskins] was intended to be complimentary rather than mocking--it was surely supposed to _____ skill, bravery and a warrior spirit. But intentions are irrelevant if a large proportion of the group that it’s honoring consider the name a racial slur.(Pat Meyers, Style Conversational Week 1037. The Washington Post, September 5, 2013) Answers (a) Odd–even pricing (or psychological pricing) means pricing at odd-numbered prices to  connote  a bargain and pricing at even-numbered prices to imply quality.(C.W. Lamb et al.,  Marketing, 2009)(b) Ladies and gentlemen, a big hand for the letter X. Its the most versatile letter in the alphabet. A singular X can  denote  a kiss, the location of buried treasure, or a mistake in a schoolboy essay.(Charlie Brooker, Opportunity Knocked.  The Guardian, September 10, 2004)(c) I don’t doubt that the name [Redskins]  was  intended to be complimentary rather than mocking--it was surely supposed to  connote  skill, bravery and a warrior spirit. But intentions are irrelevant if a large proportion of the group that it’s honoring consider the name a racial slur.(Pat Meyers, Style Conversational Week 1037.  The Washington Post, September 5, 2013)

Understanding Bipolar Disorder And Major Depressive Disorder

Abnormal Psychology: Understanding Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder The failure to properly recognize patients who experience symptoms that precipitate those of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Although diagnostic errors can be made with caution and conscious awareness, the patient’s condition may worsen over time or possibly lead to a tragic death. The purpose of this analysis is to offer insight into the elements of bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD). Upon doing so, the reader is presented with a better foundation and understanding of the differences between these two mental illnesses. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that is characterized by alternating changes in an individual’s energy and activity levels. This disorder presents itself through â€Å"mood swings from mania, or euphoric states, to depression† (Lambert Kinsley, 2010, p. 250). Mania demonstrates periods of very high energy which results in being overly confident in terms of making bold plans and engaging in risky activities. An individual would typically experience a variety of racing thoughts that will have an influence on their behavior and activities. If the manic episode worsens, hallucinations and severe disorganization of one’s reasoning abilities is seen and can sometimes lead to violence in which the person no longer has control over their thinking and actions. A person suffering from aShow MoreRelatedPsychology : Human And Emotional Type Of Disorders1734 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular is in a broad sense the overall topic of abnormal psychology. Abnormal psychology is and can be thought of as like any other psychology in a way but more specifically it is a psychology that deals with the understanding of mental and emotional type of disorders. As a psychology major you get to look at psychology through many forms, this is done with an objective which prepares you so to see which focus you find or can connect to most, most often for personal or logical base reasons. A subjectRead MoreBipolar And Depressive Stages Of Bipolar Disorder958 Words   |  4 PagesBipolar disorder is also sometimes referred to as manic depression. The disorder affects 5.7 million Americans (Kessler, 2005) and is ranked as the sixth leading cause of disability in the world in the 15- to 44-year age group (Kessler, 2005). The defining characteristic of bipolar disorder is alterations in mood between manic and depressive stages. Both the manic and the depressive stages of bipolar disorder are disruptive in one s life. The alterations between manic and depressive phases may onlyRead MoreDescriptive Epidemiology Of Major Depressive Disorder In Canada1111 Words   |  5 Pageslooked at the data regarding Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder (BD) from four countries and compared it with the data from the United States. The countries are Canada, United Kingdom, Australia and Mexico. For Canada, we referred to the study Descri ptive Epidemiology of Major Depressive Disorder in Canada in 2012. In this study, they used a survey called Canadian Community Health Study - Mental Health (CCHS-MH) to evaluate Major Depressive Disorder among their participants. CCHS-MHRead More Overview of Mood Disorders Essay1254 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mood Disorders category of the DSM-IV-TR, is one of the most dense categories and probably one of the most commonly talked about categories. People often make comments about being depressed or having bipolar disorder; however, they might not truly meet the diagnostic criteria to receive the diagnosis. There are several diagnoses in the Mood Disorders category which have been organized into the following subsections: Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymic Disorder, Depressive Disorder Not OtherwiseRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1648 Words   |  7 PagesBisecting Bipolar Disorder Introduction and Background Overview 3.9% of adults in the United States are suffering from bipolar disorder as of 2014 according to the National Institute of Mental Health (Jann, 2014). Although rare, it is still a prevalent disease in the realm of mental health and requires special attention from healthcare providers. Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition described by repeated manic or depressive episodes. Furthermore, due to the extreme mood swings and emotionalRead MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Symptoms1100 Words   |  5 PagesBIPOLAR DISORDER What is bipolar disorder? A disorder with episode of mood swing ranging from depressive lows to manic highs. Each episode usually last days to week at a time. Episodes may occur several times a year or throughout the year. Mania symptoms include periods of elevated mood of irritability. When experiencing a manic episode a patient often has high energy levels with reduced need for sleep. Less often, people may experience psychosis. Depression symptoms include feeling sad, low energyRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Mental Disorders1708 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar disorder is an emotional instability checked by great movements in disposition going from a hyper to a depressive state. Bipolar disorder is additionally called bipolar disease or manic depression. Bipolar disorder oppresses 3 to 5% of the populace with inconvenient impact on life possibilities. People with Bipolar Disorder will face life span danger for mood shifts, including fatal consequences. â€Å"It is sixth most common cause of disability in the United States (Altman et al., 2006).† AsRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pages1 HelenKeller541 Physiology October 26, 2016 Abstract: Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder; also referred to as manic depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V, 2013). Bipolar disorder is a depressive disorder with manic episodes, it is placed between the chapters on schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders in recognition of their place as a bridge between the two diagnostics in terms of symptomology, family historyRead MoreThe Etiology Of The Disorder Essay772 Words   |  4 Pagesetiology of the disorder. Bipolar Disorders are considered complex because of the episodes that are experienced. They include dysfunctional mood, potentially including major depressive episodes, mild to moderate depressive episodes, manic episodes, hypomanic episodes, and mixed episodes, which are often separated by periods of relatively normal mood. (BDII). There are two types of Bipolar Disorders that I will cover in this paper. They include Bipolar I disorder (BP-I) and Bipolar II disorder (BD-II).AccordingRead MoreThe Operational Definition Of Bipolar Disorder1578 Words   |  7 Pagespurpose of this paper is to discuss the operational definition of bipolar disorder, identify the additional specifiers, comorbidity, prevalence and discuss the cost of treating the disorder. Also, a detailed explanation will be provided about the population most impacted by the selected disorder and evidence-based approaches to assessing the disorder will be presented. In addition, evidence-based treatment approaches to a ddress the disorder will be displayed. Last, a summary will be shared by relating

Federal Individual Taxation Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.co

Question: Discuss about the Federal Individual Taxation. Answer: To complete this task of filing Form 1040 Schedule E on behalf of my clients Brian and Sheila Williams, I have used the following definitions and followed the system prescribed under them. Since Brian and Sheila Williams are not in the business of renting personal property, they are not required to file Form-1040 Schedule C or C-EZ. Depreciation Depreciation is an annual deduction which my clients can use for recovering the costs, over a certain number of years, related to their investment properties. Depreciation started when my clients first used the properties for producing income. It shall end when they either take these properties out of service, or have recovered all their depreciable costs, or stop using these properties for producing income. As per the law, a taxpayer can depreciate Tangible Property owned by them and include building, vehicle, machinery, furniture and equipment. An exception is that the taxpayer cannot depreciate land. Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System Under the current tax code, the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) is used for determining an assets depreciation. All assets are classified into classes under MACRS and these define the number of years during which the asset's cost can be recovered. A predetermined schedule determines the percentage of each asset's costs under each MACRS class which can be depreciated each year. My clients own Residential Real Estate properties and these can be depreciated using the Straight Line Method with Useful Life Expectancy of 27.5 years. Fixtures and Equipment are allowed Useful Life Expectancy of 7 Years. Section 179 Property Since my clients are not in the trade of renting properties for trade or business, the properties acquired by them are not covered under Section 179. Section 179 property does not include any property held for investment (section 212 property).